美联储3月17-18日议息会议后发布的声明全文

　　以下为外媒整理美联储3月17-18日货币政策会议后发布的声明全文:

　　联邦公开市场委员会(FOMC)自1月会议以来获得的信息显示，经济成长有所放缓。就业市场状况进一步有所改善，就业增长强劲且失业率下滑。一系列就业市场指标显示就业资源利用不足的情况正在逐步减少。家庭支出温和增加，能源价格下挫带动了家庭购买力。企业固定投资增加，而楼市复苏仍缓慢，出口增长减弱。通胀在委员会的较长期目标水准之下进一步下滑，主要反映能源价格下跌。基于市场的通胀补偿指标仍低，调查显示较长期通胀预期仍稳定。

　　委员会将依照法定的目标，寻求促进就业最大化和物价稳定。委员会预计在合适的宽松政策下，经济活动将温和扩张，就业市场指标将向委员会认为符合其双目标的水准靠拢。委员会预计经济和就业市场前景的风险接近平衡。通胀预计短期内将保持在近期低水准附近，但委员会预计随着就业市场进一步改善以及能源价格下挫等其他因素的暂时性影响消退，通胀中期将逐步升向2%。委员会将继续密切留意通胀发展。

　　为支持向就业最大化和物价稳定的目标继续前进，委员会今日确认维持目前联邦基金利率0-0.25%目标区间仍是合适的。在决定维持目前联邦基金利率0-0.25%目标区间多久时，委员会将评估向就业最大化以及2%通胀目标的已实现和预期的进展。评估将考量广泛的信息，包括就业市场状况数据、通胀压力指标和通胀预期，以及金融市场发展读数和国际情势发展。同上次声明一致，委员会认为仍不太可能在4月FOMC会议上调升联邦基金利率目标区间。委员会预计在就业市场出现进一步改善以及对通胀将在中期升向2%目标有合理信心时，上调联邦基金利率目前区间才是合适的。改变前瞻性指引并不代表委员会已经决定开始上调目标区间的时机。

　　委员会维持把所持机构债和机构MBS回笼本金再投资到机构MBS的现有政策，以及通过标购继续延长所持公债年期。委员会透过持有庞大的较长期证券仓位应会有助于维持宽松的金融市场状况。

　　在委员会决定开始撤走宽松政策时，将采取符合就业最大化和通胀2%较长期目标的均衡措施。委员会目前预期，即便在就业和通胀接近符合目标的水准，经济状况可能在一段时间内都需要美联储维持目标联邦基金利率低于委员会认为的较长期正常水准。

　　投票赞成美联储货币政策决议的FOMC委员包括:美联储主席叶伦、副主席杜德利、理事布雷纳德、芝加哥联邦储备银行总裁埃文斯、理事费舍尔、里奇蒙联邦储备银行总裁拉克尔、亚特兰大联邦储备银行总裁洛克哈特、理事鲍威尔、理事塔鲁洛、旧金山联邦储备银行总裁威廉姆斯。

　　英文原版

　　Press Release

　　Release Date: March 18, 2015

　　For immediate release

　　Information received since the Federal Open Market Committee met in January suggests that economic growth has moderated somewhat. Labor market conditions have improved further, with strong job gains and a lower unemployment rate. A range of labor market indicators suggests that underutilization of labor resources continues to diminish. Household spending is rising moderately; declines in energy prices have boosted household purchasing power. Business fixed investment is advancing, while the recovery in the housing sector remains slow and export growth has weakened. Inflation has declined further below the Committee's longer-run objective, largely reflecting declines in energy prices. Market-based measures of inflation compensation remain low; survey-based measures of longer-term inflation expectations have remained stable.

　　Consistent with its statutory mandate, the Committee seeks to foster maximum employment and price stability. The Committee expects that, with appropriate policy accommodation, economic activity will expand at a moderate pace, with labor market indicators continuing to move toward levels the Committee judges consistent with its dual mandate. The Committee continues to see the risks to the outlook for economic activity and the labor market as nearly balanced. Inflation is anticipated to remain near its recent low level in the near term, but the Committee expects inflation to rise gradually toward 2 percent over the medium term as the labor market improves further and the transitory effects of energy price declines and other factors dissipate. The Committee continues to monitor inflation developments closely.

　　To support continued progress toward maximum employment and price stability, the Committee today reaffirmed its view that the current 0 to 1/4 percent target range for the federal funds rate remains appropriate. In determining how long to maintain this target range, the Committee will assess progress--both realized and expected--toward its objectives of maximum employment and 2 percent inflation. This assessment will take into account a wide range of information, including measures of labor market conditions, indicators of inflation pressures and inflation expectations, and readings on financial and international developments. Consistent with its previous statement, the Committee judges that an increase in the target range for the federal funds rate remains unlikely at the April FOMC meeting. The Committee anticipates that it will be appropriate to raise the target range for the federal funds rate when it has seen further improvement in the labor market and is reasonably confident that inflation will move back to its 2 percent objective over the medium term. This change in the forward guidance does not indicate that the Committee has decided on the timing of the initial increase in the target range.

　　The Committee is maintaining its existing policy of reinvesting principal payments from its holdings of agency debt and agency mortgage-backed securities in agency mortgage-backed securities and of rolling over maturing Treasury securities at auction. This policy, by keeping the Committee's holdings of longer-term securities at sizable levels, should help maintain accommodative financial conditions.

　　When the Committee decides to begin to remove policy accommodation, it will take a balanced approach consistent with its longer-run goals of maximum employment and inflation of 2 percent. The Committee currently anticipates that, even after employment and inflation are near mandate-consistent levels, economic conditions may, for some time, warrant keeping the target federal funds rate below levels the Committee views as normal in the longer run.

　　Voting for the FOMC monetary policy action were: Janet L. Yellen, Chair; William C. Dudley, Vice Chairman; Lael Brainard; Charles L. Evans; Stanley Fischer; Jeffrey M. Lacker; Dennis P. Lockhart; Jerome H. Powell; Daniel K. Tarullo; and John C. Williams.

编辑：王静